Adhesive dentistry has evolved to enhance the longevity and predictability of indirect restorations. One such revolutionary concept is Immediate Dentin Sealing (IDS).

WHO defines adolescent as those people between the age of 10-19 years. Globally, approximately 1 in 7 (14.3%) of the adolescents suffer from mental health issues, yet they constitute the submerged portion of an iceberg with many undiagnosed and untreated [1]. India constitutes the largest adolescent population i.e. 20% of the world’s 1.2 billion adolescents.

The Global burden of disease (2021) estimated that 14% of adolescents in India experienced a mental disorder; 13.4% of them being boys and 13.9% girls [2].

The past thirty years have seen a shift in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from simple balloon angioplasty to modern day practices characterized by drug eluting stents (DES) along with powerful antiplatelet medications and sophisticated intra-vascular imaging. With this progress, complication rates have steadily declined. Yet, the specter of abrupt vessel closure (AVC) continues to haunt the catheterization laboratory. Though the incidence of AVC has fallen from approximately 3% in the balloon angioplasty era to 0.3% in the DES era [1], its occurrence remains a life-threatening challenge.

AVC is defined as the sudden cessation of antegrade coronary blood flow during or immediately after PCI. It is not only catastrophic in its clinical consequences but also a litmus test of the operator’s preparedness, judgment, and technical skill. In this editorial note, we revisit AVC from a contemporary lens, distilling mechanistic insights, risk factors, management strategies, and pearls of wisdom that every interventional cardiologist must carry into the lab.

Twenty-first-century medicine faces a paradox: never before have we had so much access to health information, yet we still struggle with recurring outbreaks, epidemics, and the rise of chronic diseases. In this context, statistical modeling emerges as an essential tool to transform large volumes of data into knowledge capable of saving lives.
Statistics have always been present in medicine, but their role has taken on a new dimension with the expansion of clinical, environmental, and social databases. Today, we have decades of time series data on diseases such as tuberculosis, dengue, or leptospirosis, in addition to climatic and socioeconomic variables that influence their occurrence. The challenge is not only to describe the past, but also to predict future scenarios and, in doing so, guide preventive measures before problems arise.

Humans are part of biodiversity. The first functional interactions with the rest of biodiversity emerged from the coevolutionary process in primitive ecosystems. Some interactions have been positive (food, health, habitat, etc.); others negative (pathogens, predators, etc.). However, it is clear that positive (beneficial) interactions have declined, while negative (harmful) interactions have increased; in both cases, as a consequence of the cumulative effects of socioeconomic development.

Background: Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) remains a significant pathogen, causing invasive and non-invasive infections worldwide. Before Hib conjugate vaccines, serotype b (Hib) was the leading cause of meningitis, pneumonia, and septicemia in children under five, with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in Africa. In North Africa, Hib vaccination programs introduced in the early 2000s drastically reduced invasive Hib disease. However, this success has been followed by two key shifts: the rise of non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi) as the predominant cause of invasive disease and increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly to β-lactam antibiotics.
Materials and Methods: This review synthesizes two decades of data from Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, Egypt, and Libya on vaccine impact, serotype dynamics, and evolving resistance. Published studies, surveillance reports, and immunization data were analyzed, including the prevalence of different serotypes and resistance patterns to antibiotics. Molecular techniques for detecting β-lactamase production and penicillin-binding protein (PBP) mutations were also reviewed.
Results: Hib incidence dropped significantly post-vaccination, with declines of 75-93% in Morocco and near elimination in Tunisia. However, NTHi and serotype a emerged as leading invasive strains. AMR to ampicillin rose from ~27% to >40%, linked to β-lactamase production and PBP3 mutations. Despite this, third-generation cephalosporins remain effective, though some regions show reduced susceptibility.
Conclusion: Hib vaccines have been successful, but the rise of NTHi and AMR presents new challenges. Sustained vaccine coverage, molecular surveillance, and novel vaccines targeting NTHi are critical.

Crude aqueous extracts and fractions of Solanum nigrum berries were prepared using standard methods from berries harvested in both metropolitan and rural areas of Enugu, Nigeria. The extracts exhibited significant glutathione peroxidase activity, an important antioxidant enzyme. This antioxidant activity suggests the potential of Solanum nigrum berries as a valuable resource for developing local remedies for infections in these communities. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of this plant, particularly in regions where traditional treatments are commonly used.
Keywords: Solanum nigrum; Glutathione peroxidase; Oxidative stress; Aghara; Black night shade

The crown height space has a vital role in the rehabilitation of patients using dental implants. It determines the prosthetic treatment options as well as the outcome for the patients. There are various ways of creating crown height space. This case report presents a situation where management of a case with reduced crown height space was performed.
Keywords: cement-retained prosthesis; coronoplasty; crown height space; dental implant; screw-retained prosthesis

For most of human history, few women lived long enough to reach the decades in which the ovaries slow and the endocrine landscape of the body is remade. Only in the last century and a half has average female life-expectancy climbed past age forty on a large scale—and with that demographic success has come a social and medical problem that, paradoxically, we remain ill-prepared to manage. Perimenopause, the long, often turbulent transition into menopause, is as much a cultural and clinical blind spot as it is a biological one: misunderstood by many patients, under-recognized by too many clinicians, and made more complicated by an environment that increasingly tampers with human endocrine systems.

The concept of learning community refers to the process that brings together (into a community) otherwise individual actions of self-training for common learning goals, Wenger in the book dedicated to processing of the concept of community of practice (Wenger, 1998) describes the different characteristics of the learning that takes place there context and more generally in the interaction with the world. In the learning community, the key word is "Collaborate (co-labore) means working together, which implies a sharing of tasks, and an explicit intention to "add value”. Entrepreneurship education, is part of the theme, and has the aim of developing attitudes, knowledge, skills and competences in the participants, useful not only for their possible commitment in the entrepreneurial field, but in every working context and in every experience of active citizenship. The aim is to create a "transformative" tool to educate learning communities about entrepreneurship, the methodology will consist of a contextual and state-of-the-art analysis, implementing a SWOT Analysis (analysis of strengths), weaknesses, opportunities (opportunities) and threats (threats)) in progress and post intervention, using the focus group as a tool. The focus group can be a suitable tool to facilitate and build a common and effective language; in which a group of people is invited to talk, discuss and discuss attitudes personal to a topic. This dynamic of learning and change can be an effective way to connect and mediate between often contradictory demands regarding issues of environmental sustainability and companies.
Keywords: Learning community; focus group; SWOT Analysis

AI engineering is important globally. AI enhances design, testing, and optimization processes, leading to faster and more efficient engineering solutions. Generative design helps engineers create optimal structures, reducing material waste and improving performance. AI-powered predictive maintenance minimizes equipment failures, decreasing accidents and costly downtimes and upkeep expenses, utilized in sectors such as manufacturing, automotive, and aerospace. AI helps to ensure public safety by monitoring the structural integrity of buildings, bridges, and transit systems. The development of stronger, lighter, and more sustainable materials is made possible by AI's acceleration of material discovery. AI-powered simulations advance biomedical, automotive, and aeronautical research, resulting in innovations across a range of industries. AI lowers carbon footprints by optimizing energy use in smart cities and enterprises. Natural disasters like floods and wildfires can be predicted and lessened with the aid of AI-driven climate models. AI improves environmental conservation efforts by assisting with recycling and garbage management. Automation and robotics powered by AI speed up production, cut down on human error, and save money. AI improves quality control in sectors like electronics and automobile manufacturing by recognizing images and providing real-time monitoring. AI improves healthcare globally by helping with medication development, prosthesis design, and personalized medicine. Early disease diagnosis is made possible by AI-powered diagnostic tools, which improves treatment results. AI lessens traffic and accidents by facilitating the development of autonomous vehicles and improving traffic management. Smart grids driven by AI improve the distribution of electricity and guarantee a steady supply of power in both urban and rural locations. AI-driven technologies optimize current engineering roles while generating new sectors and employment possibilities. AI helps startups and entrepreneurship by offering cutting-edge resources for company optimization and product development. AI analyzes vast volumes of data to assist engineers in making defensible choices instantly. AI-driven modeling and simulations enhance engineering solutions by cutting down on trial-and-error procedures. AI speeds up global problem-solving by facilitating cross-border research and development. Global issues including infrastructure development, disaster response, and climate change are addressed in part by AI-powered engineering solutions.

Modern software delivery has accelerated from quarterly releases to multiple deployments per day. While CI/CD tooling has matured, human decision points interpreting flaky tests, choosing rollback strategies, tuning feature flags, and deciding when to promote a canary remain major sources of latency and operational toil. We propose AI-Augmented CI/CD Pipelines, where large language models (LLMs) and autonomous agents act as policy-bounded co-pilots and progressively as decision makers. We contribute: (1) a reference architecture for embedding agentic decision points into CI/CD, (2) a decision taxonomy and policy-as-code guardrail pattern, (3) a trust-tier framework for staged autonomy, (4) an evaluation methodology using DevOps Research and Assessment ( DORA) metrics and AI-specific indicators, and (5) a detailed industrial-style case study migrating a React 19 microservice to an AI-augmented pipeline. We discuss ethics, verification, auditability, and threats to validity, and chart a roadmap for verifiable autonomy in production delivery systems.

Keywords: Continuous Integration (CI); Continuous Delivery (CD); DevOps; DORA Metrics; Lead Time; Deployment Frequency; Change Failure Rate; Mean Time to Recovery (MTTR); Microservices; Progressive Delivery; React 19; Canary Releases; Feature Flags; Large Language Models (LLMs); Autonomous Agents; Machine Learning (ML); Artificial Intelligence (AI); AIOps; Policy-as-Code; Open Policy Agent (OPA); Rego; Cedar; Kubernetes; GitOps; GitHub Actions; GitLab CI/CD; Service Mesh; Envoy; Telemetry; Observability; Security; Auditability; Trust Tiers; Intervention Accuracy; Human Override Rate; Decision Taxonomy; Guardrails; Test Triage; Flakiness Management; Rollback Automation; Feature Flag Tuning; Postmortem Analysis; Remediation; Pull Requests (PRs); Argo Rollouts; Prometheus; Jaeger; Istio; CrewAI; TensorFlow; PyTorch; XGBoost; LLaMA 3; Confidence Thresholds; Safety Compliance; Ethics; Data Security; Role-Based Access Control (RBAC); Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA); Blockchain Ledger; Explainability; Chaos Experiments; Counterfactual Replay; SOC 2; ISO/IEC 27001; GDPR; Model Drift; External Validity; Measurement Bias; Benchmark Scarcity

The advent of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has precipitated a paradigm shift in the conception, production, and valuation of creative works, challenging centuries-old notions of human genius, originality, and authorship. This article explores how generative AI—exemplified by systems like DALL·E, Midjourney, and ChatGPT—disrupts the Romantic ideal of the solitary creator by producing artifacts that audiences perceive as aesthetically and conceptually original. Drawing on Margaret Boden’s (Boden 2004) typology of creativity (combinatorial, exploratory, transformational) and philosophical critiques from Hubert Dreyfus (1992) and Ted Chiang (2025), we argue that AI does not signal the obsolescence of human creativity but rather its reconfiguration into a hybrid, distributed process. Empirical studies (Ashkinaze et al., 2024; Sarkar, 2023) reveal that while AI outputs are often judged as "creative," they lack the intentionality and embodied experience central to human expression. Yet, artists like Refik Anadol demonstrate how AI can serve as a collaborative tool, expanding creative possibilities through projects like Machine Hallucinations (Anadol, R. 2022–2023), which transform vast datasets into immersive installations. This shift raises pressing questions about authorship, ethical frameworks, and the democratization vs. homogenization of culture, as seen in legal disputes over copyright (Heaven W.D. 2025) and the EU’s 2024 AI Act. The article concludes that the "twilight of human genius" is not an extinction but a transformation, where creativity becomes a plural, interactive, and ethically grounded practice. The future lies in reflective innovation—balancing technological advancement with critical engagement to ensure that AI augments rather than diminishes the depth and diversity of human expression.

Keywords: Generative AI; Co-Invention; Innovation; Human-Machine Collaboration; AI Governance

The hip joint plays a vital role in enabling human daily mobility. One of the main issues that determines the longevity of Metal-on-metal (MoM) hip implants is wear rate. In order to improve lubrication and reducing friction, surface texturing has been widely adopted as a design alternative in implant manufacturing. Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) with a low current discharge generated by the flyback power supply was employed in this research to machine the micro dimples on hip implant which offers high precision and eliminates burr formation on the surface. The low current discharge with optimize EDM parameters such as V_OC, I_Gap, T_on and T_off, demonstrating a significant influence on performance measures including surface roughness (SR) as well as material removal rate which make it suitable for biomedical applications. Moreover, with steady discharge duration, all micro-dimples are nearly consistent and sharp with required size of diameter.

Keywords: EDM; implant; discharge

The design process between problem and solution is overwhelming. The process naturally proceeds with the input and output of the artefact design process.
The design process — a daunting journey from problem to solution — is a natural one that can manifest in various ways. In this process, a realistic worldview plays a pivotal role, guiding the design toward a solution born of a clearly defined problem. As Hannah Arendt [1] suggests, a realistic worldview recognises the cycle of life, encompassing both impermanence and eternity. It is a worldview that engages our senses — seeing, hearing, touching, tasting, and smelling — and is a tool for conscious human problem-solving.

Background: There is a pressing need to change the way evidence-based practice is conceived, applied, and maintained in community health nursing. To succeed, community-centered models that incorporate various types of evidence, support autonomous practice with strong standing orders, and establish supportive infrastructures that acknowledge the particular difficulties of community-based care must replace conventional hospital-focused approaches.
Community health nurses hold a unique position at the intersection of population wellness and individual healthcare, requiring both in-depth knowledge of the community and clinical skill. Despite the fact that chronic illness epidemics, aging populations, and enduring health disparities are putting increasing strain on healthcare systems around the world, community health nursing's potential to effect significant change is still largely unrealized [1]. The culprit? a recurring discrepancy between the evidence that is currently accessible and actual practice that has shown remarkable resistance to standard implementation techniques [2].
This divergence is more than just an intellectual issue; it is a major obstacle to attaining the much-needed changes in population health in our communities. Health inequities are unintentionally maintained, preventative opportunities are lost, and resources are misallocated when community health nurses work without systematic access to the most recent research [3]. However, the intricate realities of community health practice have shown that conventional methods of implementing evidence-based practice, which were largely created for acute care settings, are insufficient.

Adolescent obesity represents an escalating public health burden with multifactorial etiology encompassing behavioral, environmental, psychosocial, and physiological determinants. Recent epidemiological trends indicate that the prevalence of obesity among adolescents has surpassed that of undernutrition in numerous regions globally. This narrative review delineates a multidimensional approach to addressing adolescent obesity, emphasizing health promotion, early prevention, and policy-level interventions. Governmental initiatives such as the Fit India Movement, FSSAI’s nutritional guidelines, and CBSE’s school-based wellness programs aim to foster physical activity and nutritional literacy. The influence of urbanization, impulsive food purchasing behavior, food marketing strategies, and increased accessibility to energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods are critically examined. Moreover, psychosocial comorbidities—particularly depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, and binge-eating disorders—are highly prevalent among obese adolescents, necessitating integrated mental health interventions. The role of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and structured psychological counselling is explored as a therapeutic adjunct. Physical inactivity, prolonged screen time, and lack of access to recreational infrastructure contribute significantly to the obesogenic milieu. Technological tools, including health applications and screen-time monitors, are proposed as potential enablers of behavior modification. The review advocates for age- and sex-specific intervention strategies, incorporation of mindful eating practices, parental involvement, and community-level participation. Emphasis is placed on longitudinal evaluation, feedback mechanisms, and tailored interventions based on urban-rural disparities and socioeconomic stratification. A multidisciplinary, context-sensitive, and evidence-based framework is essential to mitigate the trajectory of adolescent obesity and its associated long-term cardiometabolic sequelae.
Keywords: Adolescent obesity; Preventive health services; Nutritional behaviour; Physical inactivity; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Background: Caring is considered integral to nursing, with an assumption that the two are synonymous. However, contemporary nursing practice increasingly emphasizes medical and clinical aspects, potentially influencing how stakeholders perceive a “good nurse”. This study aimed to assess the attributes of a good nurse as perceived by nurses, other healthcare providers, and patients.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from February 2022 to March 2023 at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital. Data were collected from 103 nurses, 51 other healthcare providers, and 280 patients. Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient was used to rank the attributes and statistical analysis performed using SPSS software.
Results: The attribute “scientific knowledge and clinical skills” received the highest ranking across all groups surveyed. Patients assigned the lowest ranking to “professional behavior and appearance,” whereas healthcare providers identified “being a good listener” as the least important. Overall, healthcare providers placed greater emphasis on professional integrity and interpersonal/communication skills, while patients prioritized interpersonal skills.
Conclusion: This study enhances our understanding of the key attributes considered essential for effective nurses in Oman. The findings highlight discrepancies in the perspectives of patients, nurses, and healthcare professionals. Acknowledging these differences is crucial for refining nursing curricula and improving nurse-patient interactions.
Keywords: nurses; Oman; patients; health care providers; attributes

This investigation analyzes the influence of seasonal and spatial changes on the secondary metabolite contents in Senna italica growing in nine ecologically distinct regions in Saudi Arabia. The findings indicate a strong relationship between environmental factors and the levels of sennosides A and B, total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity. Temperature, humidity, and soil composition—particularly the concentrations of sodium, magnesium, and phosphorus—had an immense impact on metabolite production. Results suggest that spring and winter are the optimal periods for post-emergent harvesting and highlight the roles of elevation and climate in phytochemical production.
Keywords: Senna italica; sennosides; flavonoids; phenolics; antioxidants

Cytokines play a central role in immune regulation, normally maintaining serum levels below the threshold for systemic activation. In pathological conditions, however, they may be excessively or insufficiently expressed, contributing to immune imbalance. This study explored the effects of microdoses of autologous cytokines fractionated into α and β subunits, hypothesizing that α subunits exert inhibitory modulation while β subunits stimulate endogenous activity. Two patients with altered cytokine profiles were included: one with interleukin-2 (IL-2) overexpression and one with reduced interleukin-6 (IL-6). Peripheral blood was processed to isolate cytokines, using plasma separation, magnetic microspheres, and differential centrifugation. The IL-2 α fraction was administered intramuscularly in the first case, aiming to downregulate expression, while the IL-6 β fraction was given in the second case to stimulate production. Cytokine levels were assessed before treatment, after treatment, and at six months. Both patients showed clinical improvement. IL-2 progressively decreased in the first case, while IL-6 increased and IL-2 decreased in the second, with values returning to physiological ranges. No adverse effects were observed. These findings suggest that administration of autologous cytokine fragments, separated into functional subunits, may offer a selective and well-tolerated strategy for modulating immune responses. Larger studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results and better define clinical applications.
Keywords: immunomodulation; cytokine modulation; biological therapy; autologous therapy; low-dose immunotherapy