This research examined the origins of chronic diseases such as Chron’s diseases, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), chronic autoimmune diseases such as obesity, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and origins of psychoactive drug addictions – all of which are traceable to people’s diets. The evidence point to the fact that the source of all our innumerable diseases are traceable to edible plants or our foodcrops that our lives depend on. The research further examined the reasons why and how the foodcrops we grow to feed ourselves seasonally, and annually, could be the source of our diseases. The new findings points to the fact that unbeknownst to us human beings and our scientific community, plants are conscious organisms with their own type of consciousness. That because plants are conscious creatures, edible plants make specific demands on human beings that we ignore because of our ignorance of the fact that plants are conscious. On the other hand, edible plants have a clear understanding of the natural relationship between us and them. Edible plants see human beings as predators that attack them as our source of food. Thus, edible plants see themselves as prey. This is why edible plants developed a whole range of toxins, poisons, and psychoactive drugs to protect themselves and attack us in attempts to stop human beings from eating their seeds and sprouts, by waging war against us for perpetuation of their species. This is why edible plants developed three major lectins of toxins, poisons, and psychoactive drugs for this war of attrition against humans. But out of human’s ignorance, this is an invisible war that we and our scientific community have no idea of as the underlying reason for the diseases we suffer from our foodcrops. Hence, this research has surfaced many things we did not know about plants, but which edible plants obviously take very seriously namely; (1) that plants have consciousness, (2) that plants have two specific demands on us that a), we should stop eating their seeds they consider as their babies and b), and to stop eating their sprouting leaves (3) that the reason for developing the toxins, poisons, and psychoactive drugs (such as nicotine, cocaine, and opium/heroine/morphine to mess with our minds) are just to protect themselves as well as ensure that we human beings observe our side of the bargain of peaceful coexistence, that plants laid down for animals, long before we human beings arrived in the world as Adam & Eve (a.k.a) Homo Sapiens. Actually, it is not this research alone, but some physicians who have been treating chronic diseases of indigestion, autoimmune diseases, as well as food and drug addictions, have known that the source of all our diseases and suffering are traceable to the foods we eat, and how badly we prepare the food. The Food Industry also know that our diseases come from lectins (as health bombs) that edible plants put in fruits, nuts, seeds, leaves and tubers that we ingest into our bodies. Those who do not know this fact of life are the general populace and our scientific community – especially physicists, who are busy investigating the universe, multiverses and string theory, while remaining ignorant about edible plants that are our neighbours, that are waging an invisible war against us as (conscious organisms).
Keywords: autoimmune; edible; Lectoms. Foodcrops, multiverses; perpetuation; conscious

Modern biochemistry is able to redefine patient care, not only in the sense of how it can be discovered, but also how it can be applied to redefine patient care. Still, despite the remarkable breakthroughs in the fields of molecular biology, genomics and biochemical technology, there is still an endemic absence of connections between laboratory research and clinical practice. Even the scientific breakthroughs can still be too long to effectively translate scientific discovery into a workable health intervention, raising urgent questions about the efficiency and attention of new biomedical research (El-Tanani et al., 2024).

Helicobacter Pylori infection is very common worldwide. Almost half of the world’s population has been found to be infected. The highest prevalence is seen in developing regions like Africa, Latin America & Asia, where prevalence can reach to more than 80%, while much lower rates are seen in developed countries. The most likely source of spread is fecal-oral route, which explains its high prevalence in areas of low hygiene.

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has emerged as a pressing global health problem, contributing to the burden of non-communicable diseases. Recent estimates suggest that around 40% of the global population are affected, with numbers expected to rise. Once viewed largely as a lifestyle-related condition, DM is now understood to stem from a range of genetic, environmental, and socio-economic factors. The World Health Organization (WHO) has called for comprehensive strategies to prevent and manage diabetes and its complications. In Africa, diabetes is a leading cause of death, especially among economically productive age groups. Contributing challenges include weak healthcare systems, delayed diagnosis, and limited treatment access. In Kenya, prevalence reached 3.5% in 2014, and is expected to reach 4.5% in 2025, highlighting a growing need for early detection and effective treatment. Alarmingly, many individuals remain undiagnosed, and more than 5% of diagnosed cases already exhibit complications. National health efforts focus on building healthcare provider capacity and supporting long-term prevention measures. Objective: The objective of the study was to establish factors contributing to type 2 diabetes mellitus among subjects residing in Longisa sub-county of Bomet County. Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study which collected data from a randomized group of 400 subjects. Result: Data revealed the following findings: males were 180(45.1%) while females were 220(54.9%). Subjects ranged from 18 to over 60 years of age, while majority were between 40 to 49 years who were 121(30.3%). Regarding marital status, out of 400 subjects, 208 (52%) were married. As regards to the level of education, 81(20.2%) had completed primary education, 161(40.3%) had completed secondary education, while 158(39.5%) had completed tertiary education. Out of 400 subjects, 164(41%) had a history of diabetes in the family. Regarding comorbidities, 82(20.5%) had low blood sugar level, 42 (10.5%) had hearing problems, 76 (19%) had eye problems, while 120(30%) presented with wounds. Regarding life-style factors, 160 (40.1%) were smoking cigarettes, 240(40.2%) were taking alcohol, while 121(30.3%) were taking meals twice a day, and 320 (80.1%) were consuming fatty foods. Again, 280 (70%) consumed enough vegetables and fruits. Regarding exercise, 259 (64.8%) subjects were involved in carrying out daily exercises. Conclusion: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus will continue to afflict individuals unless collective interventions are implemented to scale it down through community mobilization and education. Changing people’s life-style, in reducing obesity, proper nutrition avoiding cigarette smoking and engaging in exercises.
Keywords: Type2Diabetes Mellitus; Lifestyle factors; Physical Activities; Non-Communicable Diseases

The health and behavioural patterns of modern males are influenced by complex interactions between genetic, hormonal, psychological, and socio-environmental factors. Although complete “Y gene deactivation” is biologically inaccurate, partial functional decline in Y-chromosome-linked expression, reduced androgen activity, and environmental influences may contribute to altered male physiology and behavior. This review explores associations between modern lifestyle factors—stress, addiction, digital exposure, delayed marriage, and socio-cultural changes—and male reproductive health, including impotence, erectile dysfunction, psychological feminization patterns, and declining testosterone levels. The study highlights the role of stress, pornography, sleep deprivation, dietary habits, and societal transitions such as female workforce participation. A balanced, evidence-based perspective is emphasized to avoid sociological bias.

The search for novel therapeutic agents often looks forward, toward synthetic libraries, artificial intelligence assisted drug discovery and molecular engineering. Yet some of humanity’s most profound medical insights lie embedded in the intellectual heritage of ancient civilizations. While the Ebers Papyrus of ancient Egypt and De Materia Medica of Dioscorides are routinely cited in Western medical historiography, the Sangam literature of South India (c. 300 BCE-300 CE) remains comparatively underexplored as a source of early pharmacological consciousness.

The marriage of electricity and medicine is a story of human curiosity evolving from “magic” shocks to life-saving precision. While we often think of it as a modern marvel, the use of bioelectricity dates back thousands of years.

The Historical Spark: From Torpedo Fish to Galvanism

Long before the invention of the battery, ancient physicians used biological sources of electricity.

• Ancient Rome (c. 46 AD): Scribonius Largus, court physician to Emperor Claudius, documented using live torpedo fish (electric rays) to treat gout and chronic headaches. Patients would stand on the fish or place them against their heads until the area went numb.
• The 18th Century Enlightenment: The discovery of “Leyden jars” (early capacitors) led to “Electrotherapy”. In the 1740s, practitioners began using static electricity to treat paralysis and “hysteria”.
• Galvani vs. Volta: In the 1780s, Luigi Galvani discovered that a spark caused a dead frog's legs to twitch, proposing the theory of “Animal Electricity”. While Alessandro Volta later proved this was due to chemical reactions between metals, Galvani’s work laid the foundation for Electrophysiology—the study of how our nerves and muscles function via electrical signals.

Healthcare robotics has advanced rapidly through surgery, bronchoscopy, and neurorehabilitation, yet successful clinical deployment continues to depend on more than technical novelty. While academic and industrial attention often favors new mechanisms, control strategies, and AI-enabled features, real-world adoption is shaped by validation, training, workflow compatibility, and regulatory readiness. This editorial argues that the next stage of progress in healthcare robotics should prioritize clinical reliability over prototype novelty. Drawing on examples from Intuitive, Medtronic, Johnson & Johnson MedTech, and Ekso Bionics, it highlights how commercially deployed systems are supported by structured training, indication-specific regulatory pathways, outcomes evidence, and supervised clinical use frameworks. The field should reward translational rigor as a core form of innovation.
Keywords: healthcare robotics; validation; clinical deployment; surgical robotics; rehabilitation robotics

The paradigm shift in the engineering of computers is shifting towards decentralized Edge AI systems as opposed to centralized cloud-based intelligence. Previously, the processing of computational workload and data analytics was done in remote data centres. Nevertheless, the swifter development of Internet of Things (IoT), cyber-physical systems, autonomous vehicles, smart healthcare, and industrial automation has generated the necessity to process the data in real-time at the source. The application of artificial intelligence models to embedded devices, sensors, gateways, and mobile platforms is known as Edge AI. The edge systems are able to achieve great latency reduction, bandwidth savings and are not reliant on sustained internet access through the processing of data on the devices. This development is representative of a larger shift in computer engineering: no longer aimed at creating pure computational power, it aimed to create intelligent, distributed, and adaptive systems. The combination of AI accelerators, low-power processors, and neural network architecture optimization has enabled on-device intelligence. Today, system-on-chip (SoC) architectures have been developed with a particular AI workload-specific combination of computation, memory, and communication modules [1]. Consequently, the concept of hardware-software co-design has emerged as the major theme in the field of engineering research. Edge intelligence is not only a technological upgrade, but it is a paradigm shift of responsive, autonomous, and context-aware computing environments.

Fabric Consumption refers to the average amount of fabric required for a garment. Understanding the factors affecting fabric consumption is essential to finding solutions for material savings in industrial garment production, thereby reducing product costs. This is particularly significant in jeans production. This study examines the impact of fabric width, the number of garments per marker layout, and the number of jeans components on marker length, marker efficiency, and fabric consumption using Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) in R software. The results indicate significant multivariate linear relationships between the marker layout parameters and marker length as well as fabric consumption (R² = 0.9736 and 0.602, respectively). When the fabric width increases and the number of garment components decreases, both marker length and fabric consumption for jeans are reduced.
Keywords: Marker length; Jeans; Fabric Consumption; Fabric Width; Marker Making

The construction and real estate sector, responsible for 39% of global CO₂ emissions, is facing a reinvention driven by sustainability and technology. According to Deloitte (2025), the adoption of green building and circular economy practices will grow by 73% in the coming years, supported by regulatory demands and conscious consumers. Innovations such as BIM, AI, and modular construction are optimizing costs and timelines, while the logistics market—with vacancies below 5%—is leading post-pandemic demand, according to Savills. However, challenges persist: inflation and high interest rates have reconfigured investment strategies, shifting traditional portfolios toward real assets (30% recommended allocation), such as green infrastructure and data centers. In the US, projects supported by laws such as the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act will drive 4.5% growth in residential construction by 2025, according to Deloitte. The climate emergency is redefining the sector: LEED-certified buildings reduce emissions by up to 34%, while AI predicts seismic risks with 90% accuracy. Markets are emerging in Asia-Pacific, where smart cities attract 45% of global real estate tech investments. The future demands agility: by 2034, 70% of commercial real estate will be in alternative assets. Technological disruption and decarbonization are not options, but rather the foundations of an industry that, despite uncertainties, is moving toward an era of radical efficiency and sustainable value.
Keywords: Construction; Real estate; Investment

High chromium irons are attracting attention as wear resistant material especially in thermal power plants which tend to fracture under impact for past three decades. Hence, various methods as to be employed to possess better impact behavior without sacrificing the wear resistance. To meet these demands, alloying chromium with elements such as nickel or copper or manganese has been carried out, owing to their tendency to favor austenite stabilization. Of these, manganese finds favor as ferro-alloys are available commercially and are less expensive compared to others elements. Investigation in this direction with the use of manganese up to 10 wt. % in chromium iron system have shown to yield better wear and impact performance. Further, a novel non-destructive testing method ie., positron lifetime spectroscopy for characterizing the defect quantification has been attempted. The purpose of this study is to establish a correlation between tribological and positron lifetime spectroscopy parameters involving microstructural analysis.

With the evolutions of deep machine learning techniques you may have noticed high success to recognize your fingerprint or your photos on your Android device, but you are surely complaining sincere reader as many, that the AI buzzing, has deceived methodology to encourage better ergonomics software, lacking intelligence even at youtube and gmail, and it is scandalously lacking responsiveness, when you tune your display at 200% on your linux mint, or at 150% on your proudly licensed and daily updated windows 11 and office365.

This research paper describes our research results on using ChatGPT, Gemini, and Claude AI to semantically reverse engineer legacy database software applications.

Keywords: database software application semantic reverse engineering; MatBase; (Elementary) Mathematical Data Model; MS Access VBA; ChatGPT; Claude AI; Gemini AI

The aquaculture industry is crucial to global food security but remains highly vulnerable to bacterial diseases, which can cause substantial economic losses and environmental degradation. Conventional diagnostic methods, although effective, are often slow, labor-intensive, and dependent on specialized laboratory infrastructure. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have introduced innovative, rapid, and cost-effective approaches for diagnosing bacterial infections in aquaculture. AI and ML models are capable of analyzing complex datasets, including clinical symptoms, water quality indicators, histopathological images, and molecular profiles, thereby enabling early detection and accurate classification of pathogenic bacteria. Techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), support vector machines (SVMs), decision trees, and deep learning algorithms have shown impressive success in automating the diagnostic process with high levels of sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, the integration of AI-powered diagnostic tools with Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and mobile applications has enhanced real-time monitoring and early warning capabilities, allowing aqua farmers to undertake timely interventions. This review explores the current landscape of AI and ML applications in the rapid diagnosis of bacterial diseases in aquaculture, presents notable case studies, discusses challenges such as data scarcity and model generalization, and outlines future research directions aimed at developing more robust, explainable, and field-deployable systems. The widespread adoption of these emerging technologies holds the potential to transform fish health management, foster sustainable aquaculture practices, and protect aquatic ecosystems.
Keywords: Aquaculture; Bacterial Diseases; Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Rapid Diagnosis

Background: Dementia is a chronic condition that can have a significant burden on individuals and their caregivers. It poses a global challenge as 55 million people in the world live with this condition. Adults with dementia develop sleep problems and significant behavioral and psychological problems. Although medication is used to treat these symptoms, its use is associated with high-risk side effects like daytime somnolence and increased risk of falls. The administration of bright light therapy (BLT), which is a non-pharmacological therapy, can treat sleep disorders and can be an effective adjunct therapy. However, despite established proof regarding the potential use of light to treat sleep and behavioral disturbances of dementia, we do not have definitive protocols for administration of BLT.
Method: This study is a narrative review identifying and summarizing various studies done to study the efficacy of bright light therapy on patients with dementia. This was done so we could compare the different protocols, the type of light used, the duration of therapy and the positive and negative outcomes of each of these studies.
Results: We compared 14 studies conducted on older adults with dementia, most of them residing in facilities (some residing at home) exposing them to bright light of varying intensities (2500 lux- 10,000 lux) for a duration between 2 weeks to 24 weeks using light boxes, dynamic light therapy or simply by increasing indoor daylight exposure. We noticed that BLT was associated with an improvement in sleep efficiency along with reduced behavioral and psychological symptoms in almost all the studies.
Conclusion: BLT could be an effective strategy to treat dementia when properly designed and implemented.

This is Buddhism and Bangla, together with the letter that demonstrated how properly applied science may preserve millions of young lives, yet was ultimately utilized to justify various heinous acts against humanity. Since 1979, with the initiation of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) by the Directorate General of Health Services, a protective barrier for children has been established through vaccination, which has evolved from the administration of the Measles vaccine to the current protocol of administering measles vaccines at 9 months and again at 15 months, with the second dose introduced in 2012. This success story has demonstrated for many years that even highly contagious viruses, such as measles, can be managed with rigorous public health policies and scientific dedication (WHO, 2023).

Dishonor is the loss of honor for an individual or a group believed to have done something unacceptable or morally wrong; people disapprove of them and lose respect for them, which creates embarrassment for the recipients.
Moral failing or bad behavior can apply to an individual, a heterogeneous group, or an organization (a homogeneous group). Therefore, dishonest character or conduct damages personal or collective reputations. An individual's dishonor usually harms the honor of the group to which they belong, depending on their position in the group hierarchy. The higher the position in the group, the greater the impact on the group's reputation.

Infection control in healthcare systems like hospitals, clinics and other community health care centers are obeying well controlled manners including biomedical waste management through proper regulations governed by the concerned government authorities. Infection prevention & control is the practical evidence-based approach preventing patients & health care workers from being infected or harmed by avoidable microbial infections. However, the infection control system in the modern community pharmacies must be modified to protect a healthy population, especially the community pharmacies, which must not be the center to spread infectious microbes towards a healthy person, especially pregnant, children or other immuno-compromised non communicable disease patients. Here we suggest a few things to implement and make sure in all community pharmacies must not be the spots to transfer infections.

Droplet infections are expelled from the respiratory tract when an infected person sneezes, talks or coughs or even breath heavily & these droplets may carry virus, bacteria or other pathogenic microbes that can directly transfer to other persons through direct inhalation or through contacts. Common types of fungal infections like ring worm and other related superficial fungal infections with specific symptoms such as itching, redness, and rashes are easily spread through direct contact or shared items. Here we focus on the role of labor rules & compulsory health insurance for the staff in shopping markets, restaurants & other food shops affecting the spread of infectious diseases.