The human brain is made up of a large network of nerve cells that communicate in complex ways. For many years, scientists have been trying to understand how it works. Recently, a big step forward has been made with Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). These systems can turn brain signals directly into actions, without needing muscles or movement. This is becoming a powerful tool in medicine, giving new hope to people with serious brain or nerve injuries.
BCI system works by acquiring brain signals, processing them, and then translating these signals into commands for an external device. This process typically involves three key stages.