PriMera Scientific Medicine and Public Health (ISSN: 2833-5627)

Case Study

Volume 7 Issue 5

Autologous Cytokine Fragments for Targeted Modulation of the Immune Response: Two Clinical Case Reports

Peci Samorindo*, Peci Federica and Pica Rosjana

November 01, 2025

DOI : 10.56831/PSMPH-07-252

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Abstract

Cytokines play a central role in immune regulation, normally maintaining serum levels below the threshold for systemic activation. In pathological conditions, however, they may be excessively or insufficiently expressed, contributing to immune imbalance. This study explored the effects of microdoses of autologous cytokines fractionated into α and β subunits, hypothesizing that α subunits exert inhibitory modulation while β subunits stimulate endogenous activity. Two patients with altered cytokine profiles were included: one with interleukin-2 (IL-2) overexpression and one with reduced interleukin-6 (IL-6). Peripheral blood was processed to isolate cytokines, using plasma separation, magnetic microspheres, and differential centrifugation. The IL-2 α fraction was administered intramuscularly in the first case, aiming to downregulate expression, while the IL-6 β fraction was given in the second case to stimulate production. Cytokine levels were assessed before treatment, after treatment, and at six months. Both patients showed clinical improvement. IL-2 progressively decreased in the first case, while IL-6 increased and IL-2 decreased in the second, with values returning to physiological ranges. No adverse effects were observed. These findings suggest that administration of autologous cytokine fragments, separated into functional subunits, may offer a selective and well-tolerated strategy for modulating immune responses. Larger studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results and better define clinical applications.

Keywords: immunomodulation; cytokine modulation; biological therapy; autologous therapy; low-dose immunotherapy

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